An antique wooden molding plane, a specialized hand tool used in woodworking to create decorative shapes in wood. 

Molding planes are traditionally made from a block of durable hardwood, such as beech or maple. 

A shaped blade, or "iron," is held in place within the body of the plane by a wooden wedge. 

This specific example appears to be a complex molding plane, possibly a Melville double iron complex molding plane. 

The sole (bottom) of the plane and the blade are shaped to the intended molding profile, which is cut as the plane is pushed along the wood