The second, revised and supplemented edition of the book by famous orientalists — Indologist G.M. Bongard-Levin and Iranologist E.A. Grantovsky — provides new data on one of the controversial issues of historical science — the origin of the ancient Indo-Iranian (Aryan) tribes. 

The authors introduce the reader to the rich epic tradition of the Indo-Iranian peoples, their mythological and cosmological ideas. Based on a variety of sources, the authors examine the main issues of the “Aryan problem” — the ancestral homeland, time, and routes of settlement of the Aryans.