The
F-35 Lightning II was conceived from the start of the project as having
participation from many countries, most of which would both contribute
to the manufacture of the aircraft and procure it for their own armed
forces. However, the program is now threatened with cancellation over
ballooning project scope ("feature creep"), or to share proprietary
source code with purchasing partner nations, and failed efforts at cost
containment, together with multinational resistance to purchasing an
unproven aircraft developed and fast-tracked through a non-competitive,
no-bid contract process, and even calls from politicians and defense
analysts in the United States and elsewhere for the program's immediate
termination.
While the
United States
is the primary customer and financial backer, the United Kingdom, Italy,
the Netherlands, Canada, Turkey, Austrailia, Norway and Denmark have
agreed to contribute US 4.375 billion toward the development costs of
the program. Total development costs are estimated
at more than US$40 billion (underwritten largely by the United States),
while the purchase of an estimated 2,400 planes is expected to cost an
additional US$200 billion. Norway has estimated that each of their
planned 52 F-35 fighter jets will cost their country $769 million over
their operational lifetime. The nine major partner nations, including
the U.S., plan to acquire over 3,100 F-35s through 2035, which, if
delivered will make the F-35 one of the most numerous jet fighters.