Norilsk Nickel poster. Soviet poster. Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant poster. Original vintage, rare Soviet advertising poster for the Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant.
НОРИЛЬСК плакат.НОРИЛЬСКИЙ НИКЕЛЬ.
very good condition. Ask questions. See photos. Poster size in centimeters: 56 x 43 cm. Published in the USSR. Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant poster. NORILSK NICKEL.
Плакат Норильский горно-металлургический комбинат.
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Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant named after A.P. Zavenyagin  is a Soviet and Russian industrial enterprise engaged in the extraction of minerals and the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals .
The main production facilities were located in the Norilsk industrial region . Since 1989, it has been part of OJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel . Legally, it is currently the Polar Division of PJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel [ 1 ] [ 2 ] .
The polar branch of PJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel produces 85% of Russian nickel and cobalt , about 70% of copper and more than 95% of platinum group metals , as well as silver , selenium , tellurium , and sulfur [ 1 ] .
Mining at the Norilsk ore region deposits is carried out primarily by underground mining . The region is believed to contain approximately 35% of the world's proven nickel reserves , 10% of copper , 15% of cobalt , and 40% of platinum group metals [ 3 ] .
The administrative building of the Polar Division of MMC Norilsk Nickel on Gvardeyskaya Square in Norilsk
Nadezhdinsky Metallurgical Plant
Story
The first minerals in the Norilsk ore region were discovered in the 1840s, when Alexander Middendorf's expedition discovered coal there . In the 1860s, Fyodor Schmidt described the coal and surface copper ore found at the deposit, later named Norilsk-1 [ 4 ] .
The emergence and development of the Norilsk Combine stems from the discovery and geological exploration of the Norilsk copper-nickel ore deposit in the area of ​​Mount Schmidt (formerly Medvezhy Ugol) in the 1910s and 1920s by a geological team led by N. N. Urvantsev . In 1935, the Soviet leadership decided to build mines and a processing plant directly in Norilsk .
Norilsk Nickel is associated with the history of the emergence of one of the northernmost cities in the world, Norilsk , and one of the northernmost mining and metallurgical sites in the world, the Norilsk Industrial Region (Greater Norilsk).
On June 23, 1935, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR adopted a resolution "On the construction of the Norilsk Combine" and on the transfer of "Norilskstroy" to the NKVD of the USSR , which marked the beginning of the construction of the largest mining and metallurgical complex in the country on Taimyr , almost 2000 km north of Krasnoyarsk .
On June 25, 1935, the NKVD of the USSR issued an order “On the organization of the construction of the Norilsk Nickel Plant” (appendix: list of food and clothing allowances for prisoners employed in the construction of the Norilsk Plant, monthly compensation rate for prisoners of the Norilsk NKVD camp) [ 5 ] . The construction of the plant was carried out by prisoners of the Norillag , including those transferred to Norilsk from the Solovetsky prison [ 6 ] .
On March 10, 1939, the first copper-nickel matte was obtained at the Small Metallurgical Plant , and three months later, on June 16, 1939, the plant produced the first converter matte .
Norilsk was granted the status of a workers' settlement in 1939, when the first hundreds of tons of nickel matte were smelted . Electrolytic nickel was produced in 1942, electrolytic copper in 1943, and cobalt and the first tons of platinum group metals in 1944 .
On the eve of the Great Patriotic War, the Norilsk Combine included a small metallurgical plant, an oxygen plant , a coke plant , a repair and mechanical plant, a temporary power plant, three coal and three ore adits , sandstone and limestone quarries , a railway, an airport, and a port in Dudinka [ 7 ] .
During the Great Patriotic War, the Norilsk Combine not only continued active construction but also made a significant contribution to strengthening the country's defense capability. In 1941, the construction program was exceeded twofold. On May 1, 1942, the first 1,100 kilograms of electrolytic nickel were sent to Krasnoyarsk by air. Evacuated workers and engineers from the nickel combine in Monchegorsk played a huge role in establishing production . By 1944, Norilsk produced, according to various estimates, between 40 and 60 percent of Soviet nickel. Nickel was used to produce tank armor. From 1942, cobalt was also produced in Norilsk, which was used in many aircraft components [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] .
In the post-war years, the plant's active development brought it to a leading position in the country's non-ferrous metallurgy: already in 1953, the plant produced 35% of nickel , 12% of copper, 30% of cobalt, and 90% of platinum group metals from the total production of these metals in the Soviet Union.
The 1940s also saw the creation of the second production site of today's Norilsk Nickel—the Petsamonikel plant (currently the Pechenganikel site of JSC Kola Mining and Metallurgical Company ), located in the northwestern part of the Kola Peninsula. The plant was built in 1940 by Inco in the part of Finland that became part of the USSR after World War II. It is located in the village of Nikel in the Murmansk Region .
According to documents, by 1970, the Norilsk Combine had already become an "industrial giant": the factories were constantly replenished with young workers who came north for the high wages and comfortable living conditions of the rapidly developing city.
Oktyabrsky Mine, Talnakh
A major milestone in the history of Norilsk Nickel was the discovery of the Oktyabrskoye copper-nickel deposit in 1966 and the founding of the town of Talnakh nearby [ 4 ] . Over the next 10 years, mines and a processing plant were built in the vicinity of Talnakh, and in 1979, the Nadezhda Metallurgical Plant (with two chimneys, each 250 meters high) was commissioned , the largest metallurgical enterprise in the city of Norilsk and Norilsk Nickel. In the mid-1980s, a 420-meter-high chimney (identical to the chimney of Ekibastuz GRES-2 ) was designed for the plant , but this project was never implemented [ 12 ] .
Privatization
In 1989, by a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, a decision was made to create the “Norilsk Nickel State Concern for the Production of Non-Ferrous Metals”, which, according to the principle of a common technological scheme for processing sulfide copper-nickel ores, included the Norilsk Combine, the Pechenganickel and Severonickel plants , the Olenegorsk Mechanical Plant , the Krasnoyarsk Non-Ferrous Metals Plant and the Gipronickel Institute .
During subsequent corporatization, privatization, loans-for-shares auctions , and organizational transformations, the former Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant was fully integrated into the structure and became the core component of today's Norilsk Nickel . The state-owned stake in Norilsk Nickel was purchased in 1997 by a company affiliated with Interros and ONEXIM Bank, owned by Vladimir Potanin and Mikhail Prokhorov. The stake was valued at $250 million. In the early 2000s, Prokhorov sold his stake to Oleg Deripaska.
The plant's managers