FRASCATIUS ANCIENTS
A BEAUTIFUL SILVER COIN (DANG / DIRHEM) OF THE JOCHID MONGOL GOLDEN HORDE & CRIMEAN KHANATE FROM THE 13TH - 14TH CENTURY AD .
The Golden Horde was one of the most powerful and influential Mongol khanates in history. Rising from the ashes of Genghis Khan’s empire, the Golden Horde left a lasting legacy that continues to impact Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and Russia today. At its peak, the Golden Horde had an estimated population of 15 million, surpassing any European country at the time. However, the population density was low, with vast stretches of land appearing desolate to travelers. The Golden Horde was established by Batu Khan, a grandson of Genghis Khan. The Golden Horde's name (Altan Ordu) may have come from the yellow tents used by their rulers. The outbreak of the "Black Death" in 1346 marked the beginning of the disintegration of the Golden Horde. THE SIZE OF IS 16.9 MM & 1.32 GRAMS
Obverse: Arabic Inscription (Usually "Sultan the Just" with the name of the Sultan following)
Reverse: Tamga (Imperial Seal) with Arabic Inscription (City & Date)
THE GOLDEN HORDE One of the most prominent branches of the Mongol Empire was called The Golden Horde. The Golden Horde was established by one of Genghis Khan's grandsons, Batu. At one point Genghis Khan gave more power to his generals, allowing them to find their own destinies. In exchange, they all pledged their undying loyalty to Genghis Khan, and upheld his law called the Yassa. Batu, one of the greater of Mongol leaders, led his armies past through the Urals, and invaded the Russian Princes. The regions were cold, but the Mongol were used to harsh winter from their native Gobi Desert. The conquest and vassalization of Moscow, ensured their dominion, and ruled in the name of Genghis Khan. Noted for their armored dress, the Golden Horde became one of the more wealthier Mongol branches. At one period the Golden Horde held dominion from the Crimea all the way up to Novgorod, bordering countries such as Sweden, and Lithuania. At one point the Mongols went as far as Hungary and Poland. To this day, the Hungarian people call themselves Magyars, whom are descendants of eastern Europeans who have intermarried with Mongols. It is to amazement this day why many historians and linguist wonder about the origin of the Magyar language, since it's forms of speech are so unique and unlike other European dialects. At its peak, the Golden Horde had an estimated population of 15 million, surpassing any European country at the time. However, the population density was low, with vast stretches of land appearing desolate to travelers. GOLDEN HORDE COMMERCE The Jochid Mongols of the Golden Horde were able to profit from international trade despite not being directly located on the traditional Silk Road routes. Their success was rooted in their strategic control of key trade routes, their role as intermediaries between the East and West, and their efforts to create a stable environment for merchants. Cities like Sarai Batu became thriving hubs of commerce, while the establishment of infrastructure like the yam system and the promotion of international trade fairs helped boost economic activity. By maintaining order, ensuring security, and facilitating the flow of goods and ideas, the Mongols turned their region into a vital commercial center in the medieval world. THE MONGOLS A Tartar people to the north of China brought a number of other Turkish tribes into a military confederation and achieved such a series of conquests as has no parallel in history. These were the Mongols. Their leader, Temujin, proclaimed himself supreme ruler of all Mongols in 1206 and assumed the title of Genghis Khan. Genghis Khan invaded China, captured Peking and then conquered an empire that reached from the Pacific to the Volga river, and under his successors nearly all Russia became tributary to the Mongols (or Tartars as the Russians called them) for over two hundred years. The Mongol rulers were always chosen from the 'Golden Family' of Temujin. The grandson of Genghis Khan, Batu Khan, advanced far into eastern Europe and established in 1251 the rule of the Golden Horde in Russia. As a result, Russia experienced a cultural decay and isolation from Europe, with the exception of northern Russia, around Novgorod, where Alexander Newski was able to preserve some of the north's identity. The empire of the Golden Horde was finally broken up by Timur to form three Tartar khanates: Kazan, Astrakhan and the Crimea.
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