The original Ancon Hospital was established by the French Canal Company in 1882 as the Hôpital Central de l'Ancon, situated on Ancon Hill in Panama. This facility played a vital role in medical care during the challenging initial attempts to construct a trans-isthmian canal. When the United States took over the project in 1904, the hospital was acquired and significantly expanded, becoming a cornerstone of their efforts to combat tropical diseases such as yellow fever and malaria, which had devastated earlier workforces.
Under U.S. administration, Ancon Hospital grew into a world-renowned medical center crucial for the successful completion of the Panama Canal. It was central to the public health initiatives led by Dr. William C. Gorgas, whose sanitation programs dramatically reduced disease rates. The hospital was later renamed Gorgas Hospital in 1928 in his honor and continued to serve the Panama Canal Zone for decades. Its stately architecture and tropical landscaping, often featuring Royal Palms, became iconic imagery of the Canal Era medical infrastructure.