Dayton Audio DS90-8 3" Designer Series Full-Range Driver 8 Ohm The Designer Series by Dayton Audio was developed specifically with the speaker designer in mind. It is an affordable, attractive line of drivers that puts performance first. Careful engineering ensures that each speaker in the series is capable of handling full rated power at the lowest possible frequencies—without exceeding Xmax. These speakers combine useful performance parameters with elegant style. Carefully optimized to provide superb audio reproduction when incorporated into a wide variety of enclosures and alignments, the Designer Series transducers put a beautiful face on audiophile excellence. • Suggested enclosures: Sealed cabinet: Type: Acoustic suspension (alpha 3.5), Qtc 0.69; Size (internal) including volume displaced by driver: 0.03 ft³; Internal cabinet dimensions (golden ratio): 6-1/4"H x 3-7/8"W x 2-3/8"D. Typical results: 3 dB down-point (f3): 158 Hz; Low frequency limit at rated power without exceeding conventional Xmax (i.e. (voice coil length – gap height) / 2)): 90 Hz. Vented cabinet: Type: Bass reflex; Size (internal) including volume displaced by driver and port: 0.12 ft³; Internal cabinet dimensions (golden ratio): 7-3/4"H x 4-3/4"W x 3"D; Port dimensions (with flared exit): 1" dia. x 6"L. Typical results: 3 dB down-point (f3): 73 Hz; Tuning frequency (fb): 69 Hz; Low frequency limit at rated power without exceeding conventional Xmax (i.e. (voice coil length – gap height) / 2)): 70 Hz. Highlights Cosmetic frame with low profile lip, designed for front mounting—no countersinking required! Coated paper cone, half roll rubber surround for durability and accurate reproduction Optimized to yield a low 3 dB down point and high potential output in a reasonably sized cabinet Smooth frequency response and linear roll-off simplify filter design, guaranteeing good results with off-the-shelf crossovers Vented pole piece for minimized power compression and maximized reliability Generous Xmax capability encourages use of moderate bass boost to tailor the response Retains the same "family look" as the popular Dayton Audio DVC Series subwoofers and passive radiators