Event: The Great Kanto Earthquake (also known as the Tokyo Earthquake).
Date: September 1, 1923.
Location: The image was taken near the inner moat (Uchibori) of the Imperial Palace in Marunouchi, Tokyo. The specific road is sometimes referred to as the "Gaisen" road (Triumphal road).
Impact: The magnitude 7.9 (or 7.5) earthquake caused massive ground fissures, widespread building collapses, and subsequent fires that devastated Tokyo and Yokohama, leading to over 100,000 deaths.