The Renault R40 was a French light tank from the early years of World War II, which entered service in 1940. The tank was about 4 m long and about 1.9 m wide. The vehicle weighed about 12 tons.

The Renault R40 was developed as a modernization of the Renault R35 tank and is often treated as a variant of this vehicle. Compared to its predecessor, the Renault R40 had a completely new suspension, to some extent based on the Char B1 Bis tank, as well as a new main armament consisting of the successful 37 mm SA38 cannon with a barrel length of 35 calibers and a standard radio station. All these changes meant that the vehicle had better off-road capabilities than the Renault R35, had quite effective anti-tank armament, and commanding it - thanks to the radio - was significantly more effective. However, the tank had its drawbacks: first of all, it consumed much more fuel than the standard R35 and had a slightly overloaded suspension. The Renault R40 was produced and entered service most often shortly before or during the French campaign of 1940. For this reason, the exact number of vehicles of this type produced is not known.