Original rare document from 1944.
Material: paper;
Certificate number: No. BD 4973
Dimensions: as shown in the photo;
Military counterintelligence in the People's Commissariat of Defense (NKO) of the USSR was represented by the Main Directorate of Counterintelligence (GUKR) of the NKO of the USSR, known as “SMERSH.” This structure operated during World War II, starting in April 1943.
Prior to the creation of SMERSH, military counterintelligence functions were performed by various state security agencies, in particular:
Special Departments (OOV): These units existed in all major military formations of the Red Army and were subordinate to the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD).
Third Directorate of the NKVD of the USSR: It existed for a short time in early 1941, but after the German invasion began, it was reintegrated into the NKVD structure as the Directorate of Special Departments (UOO NKVD).
The main task of these bodies was to protect the Red Army from espionage, sabotage, and other hostile actions by foreign special services, as well as to combat anti-Soviet activities and treason within the armed forces.
After the war, in 1946, the military counterintelligence structures were transferred to the newly created Ministry of State Security (MGB) of the USSR.
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