Size：cm

Material：brass

1 class

Wax seal：Costantino Patrizi Naro（4 Sep 1798 - 17 Dec 1876，Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia，Secretary of the Congregation for Universal Inquisition）

Memorial：

30 November

9 May (translation of relics)

13 December (Ukraine)

Profile：

The first Apostle. Fisherman by trade. Brother of Simon Peter. Follower of John the Baptist. Andrew went through life leading people to Jesus, both before and after the Crucifixion. Missionary in Asia Minor and Greece, and possibly areas in modern Russia and Poland. Martyred on an saltire (x-shaped) cross, he is said to have preached for two days from it.

Some peculiar marriage-related superstitions have attached themselves to Saint Andrew’s feast day.

An old German tradition says that single women who wish to marry should ask for Saint Andrew’s help on the eve of his feast, then sleep naked that night; they will see their future husbands in their dreams.

Another says that young women should note the location of barking dogs on Saint Andrew’s Eve: their future husbands will come from that direction.

On the day after Andrew’s feast, young people float cups in a tub; if a boy‘s and a girl‘s cup drift together and are intercepted by a cup inscribed “priest”, it indicates marriage.

There are several explanations for why Andrew became the patron of Scotland.

In 345, Emperor Constantine the Great decided to translate Andrew’s bones from Patras, Greece to Constantinople. Saint Regulus of Scotland was instructed by an angel to take many of these relics to the far northwest. He was eventally told to stop on the Fife coast of Scotland, where he founded the settlement of Saint Andrew.

In the 7th century, Saint Wilfrid of York brought some of the saint‘s relics with him after a pilgrimage to Rome, Italy. The Scots king, Angus MacFergus, installed them at Saint Andrew’s to enhance the prestige of the new diocese.

When the Pictish King Angus faced a large invading army, he prayed for guidance. A white cloud in the form of a saltire cross floated across the blue sky above him. Angus won a decisive victory, and decreed that Andrew would be the patron saint of his country. Following Robert Bruce’s victory at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, the Declaration of Arbroath officially named Saint Andrew the patron saint of Scotland. The Saltire became the national flag of Scotland in 1385.

Born：at Bethsaida, Galilee

Died：

crucified on a saltire (x-shaped) cross in Patras Greece

relics destroyed c.1559 by Protestants

Patronage：

against cramps

against convulsions

against dysentery

against fever

against gout

against neck pain, stiff neck or torticollis

against paralysis

against sore throats

against whooping cough

 

anglers

boatmen

butchers

farm workers

fish dealers

fish mongers

fishermen

happy marriages

maidens

mariners

miners

old maids

paralytics

pregnant women

rope makers

sail makers

sailors

single lay women

singers

spinsters

textile workers

unmarried women

water carriers

women who wish to become mothers