Paper presented at the Boyer Lectures 1968; Racial relations & consequences, Phillips native policy, very brief note of kidnapping of Arabanoo, Colby & Benelong; attitudinal changes, unimportance of native question; Discusses development of attitude & relations since 1930 Tennant Creek area; Removal of Warramunga people from tribal lands by gold miners 1934; intensification of pastoral industry around 1880s & obliteration of tribes as a result; Early ethnologists & their work, native method of fighting, relationship to land & consequences through deprivation; brief account of some leaders; Yagan, Midgegooroo, Durmugam, customs, law & etiquette, mineral industry & effects in Arnhem Land, attitudes to new way of life; killing the dreaming, assimilation problems, land rights, law & Crown landsAnnotation pending.