Glazes are applied after the initial shaping and before the single firing. Rutile, a mineral containing titanium dioxide, was used in some glazes to allow the clay color to show through. 

Frankoma famously employed a single-fire process, where the piece is glazed and then fired, unlike the more common two-fire method. This unique approach is credited with creating the distinctive markings and variations in the glaze that make each piece unique and collectible.

Please look closely at the pictures and feel free to email me with any questions.