"TAILS I WIN!"
Rt Hon Sir H C-B. "Here's a bit of luck! Best chance I've yet had of getting in!"
Keywords: Prime Minister Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, 10 Downing Street, Chinese Labour Ordinance of 1904, South Africa, Chinese Labor, indentured labor, Transvaal Labour Importation Ordinance, gold mines, slave labor.
+ Henry Campbell-Bannerman (1836-1908) hangs on the long-plaited hair of a Arthur Balfour (1848-1930) who is depicted as a Chinese gentleman leaning out of a window above a door on Downing Street. A paper with the title ‘CHINESE LABOUR ORDINANCE 1904’ has fallen out of the Balfour's hand as he struggles with the weight of Campbell-Bannerman.
+ Between 1904 and 1907 some 63,695 Chinese men were imported into South Africa to work as indentured laborers on the gold mines. By 1910, with the exception of a handful of deserters who were unaccounted for and those who had died, all had been repatriated to China. During their time in South Africa these men struggled against punitive working and living conditions designed to grind them into a compliant labor force.
+ TRANSVAAL LABOUR IMPORTATION ORDINANCE. This was to "facilitate the importation of Chinese indentured labourers.” However, it "was designed to protect the interests of European miners and traders ... It stipulated that the Chinese could be employed only in the 'exploitation of minerals' within the Witwatersrand district.” Thus, it specifically "prohibited the employment of Chinese in fifty- five scheduled occupations, including such non-mining trades as bricklaying, carpentry, plumbing, painting, gardening and clerical work"
SOURCE: This is an original cartoon from British Punch magazine, drawn by Linley Sambourne, published April 6, 1904 and pulled from the magazine; original, not a modern reproduction. Full size: 8 x 10 1/2 inches, including borders. Pictured image is slightly cropped. CONDITION: excellent -- bright and clean paper has been humidified and flattened and shows no handling or storage wear, bright and clean --ready from framing, if desired. The backside is blank.
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WHO IS THE ARTIST?:
Edward Linley Sambourne (4 January 1844 – 3 August 1910) was an English cartoonist and illustrator most famous for being a draughtsman for the satirical magazine Punch for more than forty years and rising to the position of "First Cartoonist" in his final decade.
WHAT IS PUNCH?
Punch, a magazine of humor and satire, ran from 1841-2002. A very British institution renowned internationally for its wit and irreverence, it helped to coin the term "cartoon" in its modern sense as a humorous illustration. Punch was the world's most celebrated magazine of wit and satire. From its early years as a campaigner for social justice to its transformation into national icon, Punch played a central role in the formation of British identity -- and how the rest of the world saw the British nation. In its formative years Punch combined humors, illustration and political debate with a fresh and radical audacity. During its heyday in the late 1800s, it reflected the conservative views of the growing middle-classes and copies of it could be found in the libraries of diplomats, cabinet ministers and even royalty. In the Western world, Punch played a significant role in the development of satire. In the world of illustration, it practically revolutionized it. Over the decades as it charted the interests, concerns and frustrations of the country and today it stands as an invaluable source of cartoon art, satire, but as primary source material for historians.