Egyptian legend maintains that during its formation, Tourmaline passed over a rainbow as it made its journey from the Earth’s center which led to it assuming the seven colors of the rainbow. Tourmaline is mined in a vast array of colors; the widest range of colors of any gemstone in the gem kingdom with virtually every color represented, including black, bi-colors and tri-colors. Tourmaline has many remarkable qualities but one of the most interesting physical attributes is that it has the ability to become magnetic under heat or pressure. When heat is applied to Tourmaline and becomes magnetic, it's known scientifically as Pryoelectric. Similarly, applying pressure to it achieves the same effect, Piezoelectric. The term Tourmaline is derived from the Sinhalese words 'tura mali' meaning 'a stone with mixed colors'. Being dichroic, Tourmaline also has the ability to subtly shift its color depending on the light source as it changes from natural to artificial. Tourmaline has probably been used a gem for centuries, but it wasn't until modern mineralogy that it has been properly identified, they were likely to have been mistaken for other gemstones. Tourmaline became known as an 'American Gem' in the late 1800's due to Tiffany & Co's gemologist George F. Kunz as he praised the pieces that were being found in the deposits of Maine and California. The supply of Tourmaline began to expand during the first half of the twentieth century, when Brazil began to yield some large deposits.
In general, Tourmaline is believed to be an excellent tool for energizing and balancing the chakras. Tourmaline aids in understanding oneself and others and promotes self-confidence and diminishes fear. Tourmaline releases tension, making it helpful for spinal adjustments and balances the yin and yang in the body.
If you were born in October you are very fortunate indeed to have such a stunning and versatile gemstone as your birthstone.