236- tir95
Bronze medal from the Paris Mint (cornucopia hallmark from 1880).
Minted in 1978.
Bronze medal from the Paris Mint (cornucopia hallmark from 1880).
Minted in 1978.
Copy showing some traces of handling.
Engraver : Raymond DELAMARRE (1890-1986).
Dimensions : 68mm.
Weight : 197 g.
Metal : bronze .
Hallmark on the edge (mark on the edge) : cornucopia + bronze + 1978.
Fast and careful shipping.
The stand is not for sale.
The support is not for sale.
The armistice of 1918, signed on November 11, 1918 at 5:152.3 a.m., temporarily ended the fighting of the First World War (1914-1918). Scheduled to last 36 days, it is then renewed. The armistice de facto recognizes the victory of the Allies and the defeat of Germany, but it is not a capitulation in the literal sense4.
The ceasefire came into effect at 11 a.m.2.3, bringing with it the sound of bells and bugles ringing throughout France, and announcing the end of a war which left more than 18.6 million dead, disabled and mutilated among all belligerents, including 8 million civilians. The German and Allied representatives meet in a converted dining car from Marshal Foch's staff train, in the Rethondes clearing, in the Compiègne forest.
The war officially ended on June 28, 1919 with the Treaty of Versailles4.
Chronology
The end of German hopes
First page of Le Rire rouge on November 2, 1918 (by Abel Faivre).
The First World War officially began on July 28, 1914 with the declaration of war by Austria-Hungary on Serbia.
Signed on Mars 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, leading to the surrender of Russia, allowed the German army to concentrate on the Western Front; however, the failure of the German offensives in June and July 1918, as well as the reinforcement of the American and British allies removed Germany from any hope of victory. Since August 1918, German forces have retreated in good order, but with heavy losses, across the entire Franco-Belgian front. In September 1918, the German general staff informed the emperor that the war was lost, but neither William II nor the military leaders wanted to take responsibility for the defeat.
From September 1918, a series of Entente offensives on the Eastern and Italian fronts led to the capitulation of Germany's allies. The armistices on the Eastern fronts created a “huge breach” (Ludendorff) that Germany was unable to plug.
At the same time, on the Belgian front, the Franco-Belgians launched an attack towards Bruges and broke through the German front.
Unrest grew among the German troops and behind. During the month of October, the Germans and American President Wilson exchanged notes in which the latter was charged, in line with his fourteen points proposed in January in a resounding speech, with taking charge of the restoration of peace.
On September 28, 1918, Erich Ludendorff and Paul von Hindenburg were at the headquarters of the German Army in Spa, to discuss the situation on the Western Front; at 6 p.m., they decided to organize the armistice. The diplomat Paul von Hintze warned Kaiser Wilhelm II, who was then in Kiel5.
On September 29, 1918, Paul von Hintze went to Spa. William II returns to Berlin where he is joined by Chancellor Georg von Hertling who resigned the same day. In the evening, Paul von Hintze returns to Berlin with Major von dem Bussche, who is to explain the situation to the Reichstag6.
On October 1, 1918, Erich Ludendorff sent a telegram to the imperial cabinet: “Send a peace treaty immediately. The troop is holding on for the moment, but the breakthrough could happen at any moment”7.
On October 3, William II named Max of Baden Chancellor of the Reich, without managing to halt the defeat: many sailors and soldiers refused to go into battle, particularly in Kiel.
On November 5, 1918, at 6 a.m., Maurice Hacot, resident of Auchel and corporal assigned to the radio-telegraph center of the Eiffel Tower, received a Morse message sent from Spa in Belgium. This is the request for an armistice from the German General Staff8. He transmits the message to Colonel Ferrié9.
Arrival of the German delegation
The German parliamentary mission returned to its lines on November 7, 1918. In front of the car, stopped at Fourmies, the German captain von Helldorf.
On November 7, 1918, Matthias Erzberger3, representative of the German government, left Spa to negotiate the armistice. He reached and crossed the front line at La Flamengrie (Aisne) on the road from Haudroy to La Capelle. He is accompanied by a diplomat, Count von Oberndorff, a military attaché speaking fluent French, General von Winterfeldt, an interpreter, Captain von Helldorf, a stenographer and two other soldiers, Captain Vanselow and Staff Captain Geyer10.4.
The entire German delegation was sent to the Villa Pasques, in La Capelle11 to prepare the armistice negotiations12. It was Corporal Pierre Sellier, originally from Beaucourt (Territoire de Belfort) who, that day, was the first bugler to sound the first ceasefire13,11. Under the responsibility of the commander of Bourbon Busset, the six cars crossed the devastated area of northern France, stopping at Homblières for rest.
The ceasefire came into effect at 11 a.m.2.3, bringing with it the sound of bells and bugles ringing throughout France, and announcing the end of a war which left more than 18.6 million dead, disabled and mutilated among all belligerents, including 8 million civilians. The German and Allied representatives meet in a converted dining car from Marshal Foch's staff train, in the Rethondes clearing, in the Compiègne forest.
The war officially ended on June 28, 1919 with the Treaty of Versailles4.
Chronology
The end of German hopes
First page of Le Rire rouge on November 2, 1918 (by Abel Faivre).
The First World War officially began on July 28, 1914 with the declaration of war by Austria-Hungary on Serbia.
Signed on Mars 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, leading to the surrender of Russia, allowed the German army to concentrate on the Western Front; however, the failure of the German offensives in June and July 1918, as well as the reinforcement of the American and British allies removed Germany from any hope of victory. Since August 1918, German forces have retreated in good order, but with heavy losses, across the entire Franco-Belgian front. In September 1918, the German general staff informed the emperor that the war was lost, but neither William II nor the military leaders wanted to take responsibility for the defeat.
From September 1918, a series of Entente offensives on the Eastern and Italian fronts led to the capitulation of Germany's allies. The armistices on the Eastern fronts created a “huge breach” (Ludendorff) that Germany was unable to plug.
At the same time, on the Belgian front, the Franco-Belgians launched an attack towards Bruges and broke through the German front.
Unrest grew among the German troops and behind. During the month of October, the Germans and American President Wilson exchanged notes in which the latter was charged, in line with his fourteen points proposed in January in a resounding speech, with taking charge of the restoration of peace.
On September 28, 1918, Erich Ludendorff and Paul von Hindenburg were at the headquarters of the German Army in Spa, to discuss the situation on the Western Front; at 6 p.m., they decided to organize the armistice. The diplomat Paul von Hintze warned Kaiser Wilhelm II, who was then in Kiel5.
On September 29, 1918, Paul von Hintze went to Spa. William II returns to Berlin where he is joined by Chancellor Georg von Hertling who resigned the same day. In the evening, Paul von Hintze returns to Berlin with Major von dem Bussche, who is to explain the situation to the Reichstag6.
On October 1, 1918, Erich Ludendorff sent a telegram to the imperial cabinet: “Send a peace treaty immediately. The troop is holding on for the moment, but the breakthrough could happen at any moment”7.
On October 3, William II named Max of Baden Chancellor of the Reich, without managing to halt the defeat: many sailors and soldiers refused to go into battle, particularly in Kiel.
On November 5, 1918, at 6 a.m., Maurice Hacot, resident of Auchel and corporal assigned to the radio-telegraph center of the Eiffel Tower, received a Morse message sent from Spa in Belgium. This is the request for an armistice from the German General Staff8. He transmits the message to Colonel Ferrié9.
Arrival of the German delegation
The German parliamentary mission returned to its lines on November 7, 1918. In front of the car, stopped at Fourmies, the German captain von Helldorf.
On November 7, 1918, Matthias Erzberger3, representative of the German government, left Spa to negotiate the armistice. He reached and crossed the front line at La Flamengrie (Aisne) on the road from Haudroy to La Capelle. He is accompanied by a diplomat, Count von Oberndorff, a military attaché speaking fluent French, General von Winterfeldt, an interpreter, Captain von Helldorf, a stenographer and two other soldiers, Captain Vanselow and Staff Captain Geyer10.4.
The entire German delegation was sent to the Villa Pasques, in La Capelle11 to prepare the armistice negotiations12. It was Corporal Pierre Sellier, originally from Beaucourt (Territoire de Belfort) who, that day, was the first bugler to sound the first ceasefire13,11. Under the responsibility of the commander of Bourbon Busset, the six cars crossed the devastated area of northern France, stopping at Homblières for rest.
In European capitals, there is relief. In Paris, a million people take to the streets to celebrate the armistice. Despite the defeat, it is also celebrated in Berlin by the German population, for whom it signifies the end of suffering15. In his memoirs, Erzberger writes: “All the stations were full of people because it had been known that we were returning to Germany. Animation and joy reigned everywhere.14”
On the evening of November 11, Georges Clemenceau lucidly confided to General Mordacq: “We won the war and not without difficulty. Now we will have to win peace, and it will perhaps be even more difficult18. »
The day after the armistice, after congratulating the negotiators, Marshal von Hindenburg proclaimed a final message to the German army in which he already half-heartedly mentioned the thesis of the “stab” in the back which would have been given to the army by the civilians10.
In view of the denial of defeat in Germany which was to fuel the nationalist protest of the Weimar Republic, a French historiographical movement, represented in particular by Guy Pédroncini19, relaying the position of General Pétain, had to consider that the armistice of November 11 had been premature20.
Following this armistice, the Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28, 1919. This treaty, the clauses of which were highly criticized in Germany, will be one of the causes of the Second World War.
Painting representing the signing of the 1918 armistice in Marshal Foch's lounge car. From right to left, General Weyganda, Marshal Foch (standing) and British Admirals Wemyss and Hope (seated), German Minister of State Erzberger (in dark coat, back), Royal Navy Captain Marriott (standing in background), Generalmajor Winterfeldt of the Deutsches Heer (with peaked helmet), Count Oberndorff of Foreign Affairs (in light coat with hat in hand) and the Kapitän zur See Vanselow of the Kaiserliche Marine (bare head in the background).
The choice of location
The general staff wanted a place isolated from view capable of accommodating two trains: one for the Allies and the other for the Germans. The old disused Francport gunnery is rediscovered by chance. It fits perfectly. It is close to the Rethondes21 station, which allows water to be supplied to the machines which are constantly kept heated, and it is far enough away to allow discussions out of sight. Journalists are deliberately kept away. A grated path is installed between the two trains to allow the movement of the plenipotentiaries. The Armistice is signed in the dining car of the French train. The latter is then transformed into a museum. The armistice of June 22, 1940, this time requested by France from Germany after the Battle of France, was signed by Hitler's will in this same historic car placed in exactly the same place as in 1918, according to Hitler's desire, thus showing his spirit of revenge towards France, who, according to him, had humiliated Germany at the end of the First World War. Hitler thus takes revenge for the diktat of Versailles. In 1940, the Führer had him taken to Berlin where he was evacuated to a neighboring town (Ohrdruf) during the advance of the Allied armies. It will be destroyed by
On the evening of November 11, Georges Clemenceau lucidly confided to General Mordacq: “We won the war and not without difficulty. Now we will have to win peace, and it will perhaps be even more difficult18. »
The day after the armistice, after congratulating the negotiators, Marshal von Hindenburg proclaimed a final message to the German army in which he already half-heartedly mentioned the thesis of the “stab” in the back which would have been given to the army by the civilians10.
In view of the denial of defeat in Germany which was to fuel the nationalist protest of the Weimar Republic, a French historiographical movement, represented in particular by Guy Pédroncini19, relaying the position of General Pétain, had to consider that the armistice of November 11 had been premature20.
Following this armistice, the Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28, 1919. This treaty, the clauses of which were highly criticized in Germany, will be one of the causes of the Second World War.
Painting representing the signing of the 1918 armistice in Marshal Foch's lounge car. From right to left, General Weyganda, Marshal Foch (standing) and British Admirals Wemyss and Hope (seated), German Minister of State Erzberger (in dark coat, back), Royal Navy Captain Marriott (standing in background), Generalmajor Winterfeldt of the Deutsches Heer (with peaked helmet), Count Oberndorff of Foreign Affairs (in light coat with hat in hand) and the Kapitän zur See Vanselow of the Kaiserliche Marine (bare head in the background).
The choice of location
The general staff wanted a place isolated from view capable of accommodating two trains: one for the Allies and the other for the Germans. The old disused Francport gunnery is rediscovered by chance. It fits perfectly. It is close to the Rethondes21 station, which allows water to be supplied to the machines which are constantly kept heated, and it is far enough away to allow discussions out of sight. Journalists are deliberately kept away. A grated path is installed between the two trains to allow the movement of the plenipotentiaries. The Armistice is signed in the dining car of the French train. The latter is then transformed into a museum. The armistice of June 22, 1940, this time requested by France from Germany after the Battle of France, was signed by Hitler's will in this same historic car placed in exactly the same place as in 1918, according to Hitler's desire, thus showing his spirit of revenge towards France, who, according to him, had humiliated Germany at the end of the First World War. Hitler thus takes revenge for the diktat of Versailles. In 1940, the Führer had him taken to Berlin where he was evacuated to a neighboring town (Ohrdruf) during the advance of the Allied armies. It will be destroyed by