HUMANS LIVED IN SOCIETIES WITHOUT FORMAL HIEARCHIES LONG BEFOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF FORMAL STATES, REALM, OR EMPIRES.  WITH THE RISE OF ORGANISED HIERARCHICAL BODIES, SCEPTICISM TOWARD AUTHORITY ALSO ROSE. ALTHOUGH TRACES OF ANARCHIST THOUGHT ARE FOUND THOUGHTOUT HISTORY, MORDERN ANARCHISM EMERGED FROM THE ENLIGHTENMENT.  DURING THE LATER HALF OF THE 19TH AND THE FIRST DECADES OF THE 20TH CENTURY, THE ANARCHIST MOVEMENT FLOUISHED IN MOST PARTS OF THE WORLD AND HAD A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN WORKERS STRUGGLES FOR EMANCIPATION.  VARIOUS ANARCHIST SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT FORMED DURING THIS PERIOD. ANARCHISTS HAVE TAKEN PART IN SEVERAL REVOLUTIONS, MOST NOTABLY IN THE PARIS COMMUNE, THE RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR AND THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR. WHOES END MARKED THE END OF THE CLASSICAL ERA OF ANARCHISM. IN THE LAST DECADES OF THE 20TH AND THE 21 CENTURY, THE ANARCHIST MOVEMENT HAS BEEN RESURGENT ONCE MORE. ANARCHISM EMPLOYS A DIVERSITY OF TACTICS IN ORDER TO MEET ITS IDEAL ENDS WHICH CAN BE BROADLY SEPARATED INTO REVOLUTIONALY AND EVOLUTIONARY TACTICS; THERE IS SIGNIFICANT OVERLAP BETWEEN THE TWO. WHICH ARE MERELY DESCRIPTIVE.  REVOLUTIONARY TACTICS AIM TO BRING DOWN AUTHORITY AND THE STATE, HAVING TAKEN A VIOLENT TURN IN THE PAST, WHILE EVOLUTIONARY TACTICS AIM TO PREFIGURE WHAT AN ANARCHIST SOCIETY WOULD BE LIKE. ANARCHIST THOUGHT, CRITICISM, AND PRAXIS HAVE PLAYED A PART IN DEVERSE AREAS OF HUMAN SOLIETY ,