Choose an area with heavy, well-draining soil that receives at least 6 hours of sunlight each day. Remove weeds, large rocks, and litter from the planting area. Leave small weeds and dead grass, they will enrich the soil when turned under. Spade or till the soil 8-12 inches deep. Loosening the soil will help the plant establish strong roots.
Plants grow best in soil with lots of organic matter. You may optionally add fertilizer or organic material such as compost, leaves, or rotted hay to mix into the soil at this point. For small gardens, scatter 2-3 tablespoons of fertilizer evenly and work into the top 2-3 inches of soil for each hill or 2 foot by 2 foot planting area. For larger gardens, scatter 2-3 pounds of a complete fertilizer for each 100 square feet of planting area. Work fertilizer or organic material into the soil and leave the surface smooth.
Form rows of soil beds 4-6 inches high and at least 4 feet apart. This formation of ridges will help with drainage.
| Planting Depth: | 1 inch |
| Within-Row Spacing: | 4 feet |
| Between-Row Spacing: | 3 feet (trellis) or 8 feet (sprawl) |
Watering: Water the plants deeply, soaking the soil to a depth of 6-8 inches, once to twice a week. If there is no rainfall, water 3-4 times a week. Sandy soils may need to be watered more often than heavy clay soils. Mulching around plants can help retain moisture.
Weeding: Keeping plants weed-free improves production. If plowing or hoeing, do not dig deeper than 1 inch to prevent from cutting the feeder roots.
Fertilizing: Once seedlings are established, 2-3 weeks after germination, you may optionally apply 2 tablespoons of a complete fertilizer around each hole, or 1-2 pounds per 100 square feet, without letting the fertilizer touch the plants. Optionally, continue fertilizing every 3-4 weeks as plants grow, especially after flowering begins. Water plants after fertilizing.
Insecticides: Insecticides may be used to protect plants. Bt-based insecticides and sulfur are organic options that can be used for prevention. Sulfur also has fungicidal properties and helps in controlling many diseases. Before using a pesticide, read the label and follow cautions, warnings and directions.
Diseases: If spots or mold appear, treat plants with an approved fungicide. Neem oil, sulfur, and other fungicides may be used. When using fungicides always follow label directions.
Harvest ornamental gourds when they reach their full color and the stems start to dry out and turn brown, typically 90-120 days after planting. Use pruning shears or a sharp knife to cut the gourds from the vine, leaving a few inches of stem attached to help with curing and preservation. Harvest before the first hard frost, as cold temperatures can damage them. After harvesting, cure the gourds by placing them in a warm, dry, and well-ventilated area for several weeks until the skin hardens. Gourds are fully dried when they are light in weight and the seeds can be heard rattling inside when the gourd is shaken. Disinfect gourds by gently washing in mild detergent and rinsing thoroughly, or wiping with household disinfectant or rubbing alcohol. Allow gourds to dry and cure for at least 7 days. When fully dried, coat gourds in paste wax or dip in shellac and hang by the stems to preserve.