These ceramic figurines have a long history in Japan, dating back to the 17th century. In the late 1800's, they evolved to represent more realistic and natural representations of people, and were very richly colored. They became popular in America when soldiers, after World War II, would send them home to their families from Occupied Japan.
This one is very rare in that the facial details are absolutely amazing. Most of these figurines are not as finely detailed. This old man is holding a large scroll.
The figurine is in overall very good vintage condition with no chips or cracks. Shows minor if any signs of wear from years of display.