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Description:
A framed original hand-colored topographic view
of
Somerest House
done by Benjamin Cole for the 1755 edition of
Stow’s Survey of London
The engraved topographical view is from the 1755 edition of
a survey of the cities of London and Westminster, and the Borough of Southwark : containing the original, antiquity, increase, present state and government of those cities
by John Stow; John Strype. London : Printed for W. Innys and J. Richardson,
The Survey was originally published in 1598 and 1603. Many editions followed which included revisions, additions, and enlargements, both by the original author and others including John Strype. The Sixth edition printed, in 1754-1755, included: 30 engraved plates (7 double- page), 40 maps (2 folding, 26 double-page).
Another example of this engraving is in the UK Government Art Collection, and can be viewd at
www.gac.culture.gov.uk/work.aspx?obj=19329
Artist: Benjamin Cole
Title: Somerset House
Date: published 1755
Medium: Colored engraving
Dimensions: height: 21.80 cm, width: 33.80 cm; 8 in. x 13 in.
Lettering: in image: [in cartouche, top center] Somerset house; below image: [center] Publish'd according to Act of Parliament 1755 for Stow's Survey; [right] 66
Published in: "A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster", John Stow, 1754-5, Plate 66
Frame: 19 inches x 15 inches, silver and gilt wood, double matted
Engraving Condition: Very Good+, -clean with no blemishes, trimmed with a few mm margins outside plate border
Frame Condition: Very Good
The old Somerset House
“The name Somerset House derives from Edward Seymour, Lord Protector and Duke of Somerset; his palace preceded the present day building with the same name occupying the same site . From the time it was finished through the third quarter of the 18th Century, Somerset House was crown property and functioned as a Royal Palace.
The old Somerset House was one of the earliest significant buildings of the Italian Renaissance style in England. It reflected through its decorative features the Palladian style and earlier publications of Sebastiano Serlio, influences that had entered in the country mainly via France.
Although the name is unknown, most possible architects are considered Sir John Thynne, who had built Longleat in Wiltshire that shares some common features with the old Somerset House, and John Padua.
By 1551, after four years of construction, the old Somerset House was almost finished but just few months later, on January of 1552, the execution of Lord Protector Somerset took place in Tower Hill. After his death, the palace passed into the Crown and it was finally completed in 1553 for Princess Elizabeth, who made it her base until her ascension to the throne in 1558.
The old Somerset House served as a royal palace for a variety of purposes under the power of Elizabeth I, the last of the Tudors, but also during the reign of the Stuarts and the first Georges in 17th and 18thcenturies; as residence, not only for members of the royal family but also for prominent persons and foreign diplomats, as a place for council meetings and as a center for entertainment and artistic life. Meanwhile some rooms were occupied, during its less glorious and favored times in 18th century, by court officials and the state apartments by foreign embassies.
During that time, a lot of improvements and reconstructions took place by some of the greatest architects in England, including Inigo Jones who was the Surveyor of the King’s (Charles I) Works. He engaged with the old Somerset House both for Anne of Denmark – who changed the name to Denmark House – and Henrietta-Maria.
However, as in the 18th century the Tudor palace had been gradually neglected and ruined, George III took the decision to demolish it and build a new Somerset House, instead, establishing public offices with the provision of the Buckingham House. The destruction started in 1775.”
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